Frederick Winslow Taylor, a pioneer of scientific management theory, introduced the concept of functional foremanship to enhance the efficiency of the manufacturing process. He suggested the use of eight specialists, each responsible for a particular function, to supervise and guide workers. These eight specialists were divided into four major categories:

Eight Shop bosses (to oversee production planning)
Eight Speed bosses (to set the pace of work)
Eight Gang bosses (to train and instruct workers)
Eight Repair bosses (to maintain and repair machinery)
This segregation of duties was meant to ensure specialized attention to different aspects of the production process, leading to increased efficiency and productivity

 Therefore, the correct option is (4) Eight specialists