Recruitment(A): Recruitment may be defined as the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organisation.

Selection(B):  Selection is the process of choosing from among the pool of the prospective job candidates developed at the stage of recruitment. Even in case of highly specialised jobs where the choice space is very narrow,

Placement and Orientation(C): Joining a job marks the beginning of socialisation of the employee at the workplace. The employee is given a brief presentation about the company and is introduced to his superiors, subordinates and the colleagues.

Training and Development(D): What people seek is not simply a job but a career. Every one must have the opportunity to rise to the top. The best way to provide such an opportunity is to facilitate employee learning.

Performance Appraisal(E): Performance appraisal means evaluating an employee’s current and/or past performance as against certain predetermined standards.