The method of analyzing deviations used by Mr. Mohan in this scenario is "Management by Exception." This approach involves focusing management attention on significant deviations from the expected or planned performance. In this case, Mr. Mohan did not intervene or scold Rakesh when he was painting 30 pots with 2 or 3 getting spoiled, but he took action when there were 5 pots spoiled, which is a significant deviation from the usual performance. Management by Exception is about addressing and taking action on significant deviations, allowing routine matters to proceed without detailed managerial intervention.