Frederick Winslow Taylor's approach to scientific management aimed to improve efficiency and productivity in industrial settings. He emphasized the importance of systematic planning and standardized production processes. His principles revolved around streamlining work methods and improving the productivity of both workers and management.

The two key departments Taylor identified were:

(A) Department of Planning: This department was responsible for planning and determining the most efficient ways to perform tasks. It involved creating standardized processes and procedures for different operations.

(B) Department of Production: This department was tasked with overseeing the actual execution of the production processes as planned by the Department of Planning. It involved managing the workers and ensuring that they followed the prescribed methods to maximize efficiency and output.

These two departments were crucial in Taylor's system as they facilitated the effective planning and execution of tasks, which was central to achieving higher productivity and efficiency in the organization.